The diagnostic value of tumor markers (CA242, CA19-9, CEA) in patients with adenocarcinoma of the stomach
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Keywords
tumor marker, CA242, CA19-9, CEA, adenocarcinoma of stomach
Abstract
Background: Gastric cancer is a significant health issue worldwide; it ranks fourth among cancers, following those of the lung, breast, and colon. Tumor markers can be utilized as screening and diagnostic tests for neoplastic diseases. Aim: This study aims to evaluate value and the efficacy of tumor markers (CA242, CA19-9, CEA) in patients with gastric carcinoma and to investigate the utility of single and combined tumor markers for the diagnosis of gastric carcinoma. Methods: The serum level of CA242, CA19-9, and CEA were measured in 40 patients with gastric carcinoma, using the ELISA technique, compared with 20 patients with benign gastric conditions and 20 healthy controls. Chi-square tests and F-test were employed for statistical analysis. Results: The mean age of patients with gastric cancer was 54.7 ± 12.8 years, with a male-to-female ratio of approximately 1.2:1. Serological data indicated that 60%, 37.5%, and 50% of these patients had positive results for CA242, CA19-9, and CEA, respectively. A statistically significant difference was observed in the mean serum level of CA19-9 between gastric cancer patients and controls. Additionally, CA242 demonstrated the best sensitivity (CA242 71%), while CA19-9 exhibited the highest specificity. The combination of tumor markers (CA19-9 and CEA), (CA242 and CEA), and (CEA and CA19-9) increased specificity to 97%. Conclusion: The novel tumor marker CA242 was the most sensitive for gastric cancer while CA19-9 was the most specific. Furthermore, a significant increase in serum CA19-9 levels was of diagnostic value. The combination of two tumor markers enhanced the specificity of the test.
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Rafah Talib, Immunology department, Basrah teaching hospital, Basrah, Iraq
immunopathologist in basrah teaching hospital and renal transplant center in basrah
Aida Rashid Mansour, College of medicine, university of Baghdad, Iraq
ASSISTANT PROFESSOR OF IMMUNOLOGY IN BAGHDAD MEDICAL COLLEGE
Nahla Ghanim , Baghdad Medical City Teaching Lab, Iraq.
CONSULTANT IMMUNOPATHOLOGIST IN BAGHDAD TEACHING LABRATORY